Functions

The document model provides a number of built-in functions that you can use in formula values.

The model offers functions in the following categories: Date and Time, Financial, Information, Logical, Lookup and Reference, Math and Trigonometry, Statistical, and Text. To use a predefined function in a formula, enter its name followed by opening bracket. Further, if the function has parameters, list the arguments separated by the current culture list separator. Finally, add the closing bracket.

For example, the formula =SUM(1, A2) adds one to the value of cell A2. Note that if the function does not have parameters, you still have to place the opening and closing brackets after its name, e.g. =PI(). Functions can be used as standalone values, operands and arguments of other functions.

Supported Functions

The document model supports the following functions:

Date and Time Functions
DATE	Returns the serial number of a particular date
DATEVALUE	Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number
DAY	Converts a serial number to a day of the month
DAYS	Returns the number of days between two dates
HOUR	Converts a serial number to an hour
MINUTE	Converts a serial number to a minute
MONTH	Converts a serial number to a month
SECOND	Converts a serial number to a second
TIME	Returns the serial number of a particular time
TIMEVALUE	Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number
TODAY	Returns the serial number of today's date
YEAR	Converts a serial number to a year

Engineering Functions
BESSELI	Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
BESSELJ	Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
BESSELK	Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)
BESSELY	Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
BIN2DEC	Converts a binary number to decimal
BIN2HEX	Converts a binary number to hexadecimal
BIN2OCT	Converts a binary number to octal
BITAND	Returns a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers
BITLSHIFT	Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits
BITOR	Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers
BITRSHIFT	Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits
BITXOR	Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers
COMPLEX	Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number
CONVERT	Converts a number from one measurement system to another
DEC2BIN	Converts a decimal number to binary
DEC2HEX	Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal
DEC2OCT	Converts a decimal number to octal
DELTA	Tests whether two values are equal
ERF	Returns the error function
ERF.PRECISE	Returns the error function
ERFC	Returns the complementary error function
ERFC.PRECISE	Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity
GESTEP	Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value
HEX2BIN	Converts a hexadecimal number to binary
HEX2DEC	Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal
HEX2OCT	Converts a hexadecimal number to octal
IMABS	Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number
IMAGINARY	Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number
IMARGUMENT	Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians
IMCONJUGATE	Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number
IMCOS	Returns the cosine of a complex number
IMCOSH	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number
IMCOT	Returns the cotangent of a complex number
IMCSC	Returns the cosecant of a complex number
IMCSCH	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
IMDIV	Returns the quotient of two complex numbers
IMEXP	Returns the exponential of a complex number
IMLN	Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG10	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG2	Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number
IMPOWER	Returns a complex number raised to an integer power
IMPRODUCT	Returns the product of from 2 to 255 complex numbers
IMREAL	Returns the real coefficient of a complex number
IMSEC	Returns the secant of a complex number
IMSECH	Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number
IMSIN	Returns the sine of a complex number
IMSINH	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number
IMSQRT	Returns the square root of a complex number
IMSUB	Returns the difference between two complex numbers
IMSUM	Returns the sum of complex numbers
IMTAN	Returns the tangent of a complex number
OCT2BIN	Converts an octal number to binary
OCT2DEC	Converts an octal number to decimal
OCT2HEX	Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

Financial Functions
ACCRINTM	Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity
AMORDEGRC	Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient
AMORLINC	Returns the depreciation for each accounting period
COUPDAYBS	Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date
COUPDAYS	Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date
COUPDAYSNC	Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date
COUPNCD	Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date
COUPNUM	Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date
COUPPCD	Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date
CUMIPMT	Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods
CUMPRINC	Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods
DB	Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method
DISC	Returns the discount rate for a security
DOLLARDE	Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number
DOLLARFR	Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction
DURATION	Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments
EFFECT	Returns the effective annual interest rate
FV	Returns the future value of an investment
INTRATE	Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security
IPMT	Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period
ISPMT	Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment
MDURATION	Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100
NOMINAL	Returns the annual nominal interest rate
NPER	Returns the number of periods for an investment
NPV	Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate
ODDFPRICE	Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period
ODDFYIELD	Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period
ODDLPRICE	Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period
ODDLYIELD	Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period
PDURATION	Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value
PMT	Returns the periodic payment for an annuity
PPMT	Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period
PRICE	Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest
PRICEDISC	Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security
PV	Returns the present value of an investment
RATE	Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity
RECEIVED	Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security
RRI	Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment
SLN	Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period
SYD	Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period
TBILLEQ	Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill
TBILLPRICE	Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill
TBILLYIELD	Returns the yield for a Treasury bill
VDB	Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method
YIELD	Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest
YIELDDISC	Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill
YIELDMAT	Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Information Functions
ERROR.TYPE	Returns a number corresponding to an error type
ISBLANK	Returns TRUE if the value is blank
ISERR	Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A
ISERROR	Returns TRUE if the value is any error value
ISEVEN	Returns TRUE if the number is even
ISFORMULA	Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula
ISLOGICAL	Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value
ISNA	Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value
ISNONTEXT	Returns TRUE if the value is not text
ISNUMBER	Returns TRUE if the value is a number
ISODD	Returns TRUE if the number is odd
ISREF	Returns TRUE if the value is a reference
ISTEXT	Returns TRUE if the value is text
N	Returns a value converted to a number
NA	Returns the error value #N/A
TYPE	Returns a number indicating the data type of a value

Logical Functions
AND	Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
FALSE	Returns the logical value FALSE
IF	Specifies a logical test to perform
NOT	Reverses the logic of its argument
OR	Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE
TRUE	Returns the logical value TRUE
XOR	Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments

Lookup and Reference Functions
CHOOSE	Returns one of a list of values, depending on the value of a supplied index number
HLOOKUP	Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the specified cell
HYPERLINK	Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet
INDEX	Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array
LOOKUP	Looks up values in a vector or array
MATCH	Returns the relative position of an item in an array that matches a specified value in a specified order
VLOOKUP	Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of the specified cell. By default, the table must be sorted in an ascending order

Math and Trigonometry Functions
ABS	Returns the absolute value of a number
ACOS	Returns the arccosine of a number
ACOSH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
ACOT	Returns the arccotangent of a number
ACOTH	Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
ASIN	Returns the arcsine of a number
ASINH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN	Returns the arctangent of a number
ATAN2	Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
ATANH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
CEILING	Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.MATH	Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.PRECISE	Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
COMBIN	Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
COS	Returns the cosine of a number
COSH	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COT	Returns the cotangent of an angle
COTH	Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number
CSC	Returns the cosecant of an angle
CSCH	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
DEGREES	Converts radians to degrees
EVEN	Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXP	Returns e raised to the power of a given number
FACT	Returns the factorial of a number
FACTDOUBLE	Returns the double factorial of a number
FLOOR	Rounds a number down, toward zero
FLOOR.MATH	Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
FLOOR.PRECISE	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded down.
GCD	Returns the greatest common divisor
INT	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
ISO.CEILING	Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
LCM	Returns the least common multiple
LN	Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG	Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10	Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
MOD	Returns the remainder from division
MROUND	Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple
MULTINOMIAL	Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
ODD	Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
PI	Returns the value of pi
POWER	Returns the result of a number raised to a power
PRODUCT	Multiplies its arguments
QUOTIENT	Returns the integer portion of a division
RADIANS	Converts degrees to radians
ROUND	Rounds a number to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN	Rounds a number down, toward zero
ROUNDUP	Rounds a number up, away from zero
SEC	Returns the secant of an angle
SECH	Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
SIGN	Returns the sign of a number
SIN	Returns the sine of the given angle
SINH	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SQRT	Returns a positive square root
SQRTPI	Returns the square root of (number * pi)
SUM	Adds its arguments
SUMIF	Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
SUMSQ	Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments
TAN	Returns the tangent of a number
TANH	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TRUNC	Truncates a number to an integer

Statistical Functions
AVERAGE	Returns the average of its arguments
AVERAGEA	Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
COUNTIF	Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria
MAX	Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments
MAXA	Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MEDIAN	Returns the median of the given numbers
MIN	Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments
MINA	Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MODE	Returns the most common value in a data set
STDEV	Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEVA	Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
STDEVP	Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEVPA	Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

Text Functions
CHAR	Returns the character specified by the code number
CODE	Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string
CONCAT/CONCATENATE	Joins several text items into one text item
EXACT	Checks to see if two text values are identical
FIND	Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)
LEFT	Returns the leftmost characters from a text value
LEN	Returns the number of characters in a text string
LOWER	Converts text to lowercase
MID	Returns the substring of a text, starting at a specified position and with a specified length
REPT	Repeats text a given number of times
RIGHT	Returns the rightmost characters from a text value
SEARCH	Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)
TRIM	Removes duplicate spaces, and spaces at the start and end of a text string. The TRIM function doesn't remove non-breaking space characters
UPPER	Converts text to uppercase